Master Liquid Density Table: 81 Calibrated Substances kg to L
The complete liquid density table for water, oils, fuels, dairy, and chemicals at standard temperature. Convert kg/L, g/cm³, and lbs/gal accurately.
You need an exact density factor right now to calculate freight tare, verify recipe hydration, or price a chemical transfer without guessing. Searching generic forums yields conflicting numbers that mix up units or ignore standard 20°C calibration, leading to costly batch errors and miscalculated tank loads. Here is the reality: density is an empirical physical constant. Use this master metrology table of calibrated densities across 81 common liquids, fuels, and food products.
Interactive Kilos in Litres Conversion Calculator
Weight for 1 L of Different Liquids
Values calculated in real-time. Press Calculate to lock in or print results.
1. Water & Aqueous Solutions
Water serves as the baseline for specific gravity ($SG = 1.000$). However, temperature and salinity directly impact water's volumetric mass. For complete thermal tables, see our water density complete guide.
| Substance | Temperature (°C) | Density (kg/L) | Weight of 1 Litre (kg) | Weight of 1 US Gal (lbs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water (Maximum Density) | 4°C | 1.0000 | 1.000 kg | 8.345 lbs |
| Water (Room Temp) | 20°C | 0.9982 | 0.998 kg | 8.330 lbs |
| Water (Hot Tap Water) | 60°C | 0.9832 | 0.983 kg | 8.205 lbs |
| Ocean Seawater (3.5% Salinity) | 15°C | 1.0250 | 1.025 kg | 8.554 lbs |
| Heavy Water (D₂O) | 20°C | 1.1070 | 1.107 kg | 9.238 lbs |
Data calibrated from NIST Physical Reference Data and the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics.
2. Dairy & Culinary Liquids
Dairy products contain dissolved solids (lactose, proteins, minerals) and emulsified fats, making fat-free products heavier per litre than fat-rich creams. Read our specialized dairy density guide.
| Ingredient | Density (kg/L) | 1 Litre to Kg | 1 Cup (236.6 mL) to Grams |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whole Cow Milk | 1.030 kg/L | 1.030 kg | 243.7 g |
| Skim Milk | 1.035 kg/L | 1.035 kg | 244.9 g |
| Heavy Cream (36% Fat) | 0.994 kg/L | 0.994 kg | 235.2 g |
| Melted Butter | 0.911 kg/L | 0.911 kg | 215.5 g |
| Ghee (Clarified Butter) | 0.905 kg/L | 0.905 kg | 214.1 g |
| Honey (Natural) | 1.420 kg/L | 1.420 kg | 336.0 g |
| Pure Maple Syrup | 1.330 kg/L | 1.330 kg | 314.7 g |
| Molasses | 1.400 kg/L | 1.400 kg | 331.2 g |
| Extra Virgin Olive Oil | 0.910 kg/L | 0.910 kg | 215.3 g |
| Sunflower Oil | 0.920 kg/L | 0.920 kg | 217.7 g |
Culinary profiles cross-checked against USDA FoodData Central. For plant lipids, explore our cooking oils density guide.
3. Petroleum, Fuels & Automotive Fluids
Hydrocarbon fuels have low densities and significant thermal expansion coefficients. Fuel logistics and aviation refuelling are always managed by mass, not volume. Review our industrial fuel density guide.
| Fuel / Fluid | Density @ 15°C (kg/L) | Weight of 100 Litres | API Gravity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Petrol / Gasoline (Unleaded) | 0.740 kg/L | 74.0 kg | 60° API |
| Automotive Diesel | 0.835 kg/L | 83.5 kg | 38° API |
| Kerosene | 0.820 kg/L | 82.0 kg | 41° API |
| Jet A-1 Aviation Fuel | 0.804 kg/L | 80.4 kg | 44° API |
| Liquid Propane (LPG) | 0.510 kg/L | 51.0 kg | N/A |
| SAE 30 Motor Oil | 0.880 kg/L | 88.0 kg | 29° API |
| AdBlue (DEF 32.5% Urea) | 1.090 kg/L | 109.0 kg | N/A |
| Ethylene Glycol Antifreeze | 1.115 kg/L | 111.5 kg | N/A |
Standards calibrated in concordance with metrology consensus at BIPM SI Units and Metrology.
4. Chemical Solvents & Laboratory Liquids
| Chemical Name | Chemical Formula | Density @ 20°C (kg/L) | Boiling Point (°C) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethanol (Pure) | C₂H₅OH | 0.789 kg/L | 78.4°C |
| Acetone | C₃H₆O | 0.784 kg/L | 56.1°C |
| Isopropyl Alcohol (99%) | C₃H₈O | 0.786 kg/L | 82.6°C |
| Sulphuric Acid (98%) | H₂SO₄ | 1.840 kg/L | 337.0°C |
| Hydrochloric Acid (37%) | HCl | 1.180 kg/L | 108.5°C |
| Mercury (Liquid Metal) | Hg | 13.534 kg/L | 356.7°C |
| Liquid Nitrogen | N₂ | 0.808 kg/L | −195.8°C |
For fundamental formulas on mass and volume relationships, read our explainer on what is density.
5. Frequently Asked Questions About Liquid Density
What is the densest liquid at room temperature?
Mercury (quicksilver) is by far the densest liquid at room temperature, with a density of 13.534 kg/L. A standard 1-litre bottle of mercury weighs over 13.5 kilograms.
Why is 1 kg/L the same as 1 g/cm³?
Because 1 kilogram equals 1,000 grams and 1 litre equals 1,000 cubic centimetres (cm³). Dividing 1,000 grams by 1,000 cm³ yields exactly 1, making kg/L and g/cm³ mathematically identical.
Which common liquid is lighter than petrol?
Liquid propane (LPG) is lighter than petrol, with a liquid density of roughly 0.510 kg/L under pressure. Among everyday unpressurised solvents, diethyl ether (0.713 kg/L) is lighter than petrol.
Does boiling a liquid increase or decrease its density?
Boiling decreases liquid density. As heat energy increases, molecules vibrate violently and expand, packing less mass into any given volume.
How do I calculate weight from this density table?
Multiply your volume in litres by the density from the table: Mass (kg) = Volume (L) × Density (kg/L).
Direct Substance Calculators
Ready to run the numbers?
Get your result instantly — private, in your browser.